Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) are integrated circuits designed to convert continuous analog signals, such as voltage, current, temperature, or sensor outputs, into digital data that can be processed, stored, or analyzed by digital systems. They play a critical role in connecting real-world analog signals with microcontrollers, processors, and other digital devices.

ADCs are commonly used in data acquisition systems, industrial automation, medical equipment, instrumentation, automotive electronics, audio systems, communications equipment, and consumer devices. They are available with various resolution levels, sampling rates, input configurations, voltage ranges, and digital interfaces, providing accurate and reliable signal conversion for a wide range of applications.